California's Plastic Recycling Rules Spark Lawsuits from All Sides

California has finalized ambitious plastic recycling rules requiring all single-use packaging to be recyclable or compostable by 2032, along with a $5 billion payment from producers. The regulations face legal challenges from environmental groups who say they are too weak and from industry who says they go too far.

Key facts: - Environmental groups NRDC and Californians Against Waste plan to sue over toxic recycling methods and exemptions. - Plastic manufacturers threaten to sue, arguing the rules will raise consumer costs.

- The rules apply to most single-use packaging and food service ware, with a 25% reduction target by 2032. - California's plastic recycling rate is low, with most types recycled at single-digit rates.

The Circular Action Alliance must submit a compliance plan by June. The regulations are a compromise that leaves both sides unhappy, but state officials say they represent significant progress.